The main challenges identified by the respondents included the identification and inclusion of the environmental costs and impacts of actions, the identification of the funding opportunities and channeling of available funding towards efficient actions and policies and the potential exploration of oil and gas reserves in the Mediterranean and the associated economic and environmental impact. Bottlenecks discussed included the presence and impact of asymmetric information and implications for economic policy design and implementation, the cultural, development, policy priorities differentials among countries in the Mediterranean region and the need to design and implement not only short- and medium- term economic policies and goals but also to address, effectively design and apply long- term economic policies.